The Concept Of Market Segmentation Marketing Essay

The Concept Of Market Segmentation Marketing Essay Market division is the division of a market into various gatherings of clients with unmistakably comparable necessities and item/administration prerequisites. Or then again to put it another way, showcase division is the division of a mass market into recognizable and unmistakable gatherings or fragments, every one of which have regular attributes and needs and show comparable reactions to advertising activities. Market division was first characterized as a state of development when center markets have been created on a summed up premise to where extra limited time uses are yielding consistent losses (Smith, 1956). There is currently across the board understanding that they structure a significant establishment for effective showcasing systems and exercises (Wind, 1978; Hooley and Saunders, 1993). The motivation behind market division is to use scant assets; as it were, to guarantee that the components of the advertising blend, value, dispersion, items and advancement, are intended to address specific issues of various client gatherings. Since organizations have limited assets it is preposterous to expect to create every single imaginable item for all the individuals, constantly. As well as can be expected be focused on is to give chosen contributions to chose gatherings of individuals, more often than not. This procedure permits associations to concentrate on explicit clients needs, in the most proficient and successful way. As Beane and Ennis (1987) persuasively remarked, an organization with constrained assets needs to pick simply the best chances to seek after. The idea of market division was first proposed as an elective market advancement strategy in incompletely serious markets, that is, in business sectors where there are generally hardly any contenders selling an indistinguishable item. Where there are heaps of contenders selling indistinguishable items, showcase division and item separation produce comparable outcomes as contenders copy your key methodology all the more rapidly and item separation approaches meet market portion needs more intently. With an expanding multiplication of tastes in present day society, customers have expanded dispensable wages. Therefore, advertisers have looked to plan item and administration contributions around purchaser request (showcase division) more than around their own creation needs (item separation) and they use statistical surveying to illuminate this procedure Goal Of Study 1. To comprehend advertise division and consider why it is utilized. 2. To look at how organizations section markets. 3. To investigate diverse focusing on systems. 4. To find out about the job and procedure of situating in division systems. 5. To consider how advertisers can accomplish the most from showcase division. The Process of Market Segmentation The complexities associated with showcase division are said to make it a demanding movement. Griffith and Pol (1994) contend this point based on numerous item applications, more noteworthy client fluctuation, and issues related with the recognizable proof of the key contrasts between gatherings of clients. In any case, there have been various endeavors to characterize and portray business division, utilizing an assortment of factors and extending from the seriously item based to client needs-based direction. There are two fundamental ways to deal with dividing markets. The first receives the view that the market is considered to comprise of clients which are basically the equivalent, so the undertaking is to distinguish bunches which share specific contrasts. This is alluded to as the breakdown technique. The subsequent methodology considers a market to comprise of clients that are on the whole unique, so here the undertaking is to discover similitudes. This is known as the development technique. The breakdown approach is maybe the most settled and all around perceived and is the principle strategy utilized for fragmenting shopper markets. The development approach tries to move from the individual level where all clients are unique, to a progressively broad degree of examination dependent on the distinguishing proof of likenesses (Freytag and Clarke, 2001). The development technique is client situated as it looks to decide normal client needs. The point of the two techniques is to recognize sections in the market where recognizable contrasts exist between fragments (portion heterogeneity) and similitudes exist between individuals inside each fragment (part homogeneity). Market division and situating are key determinants of effective advertising. They are principal to the coordinating procedure which is the raison dã ªtre of advertisers. It is advertisers who are answerable for guaranteeing that the offer made by the organization in the commercial center fulfills the needs and needs of the objective market of clients and buyers. Division and situating examinations empower the advertiser to settle on educated decisions about what to offer, to whom, and how. Client and purchaser are frequently utilized conversely. The term purchaser by and large methods the last shopper, who isn't really the client. For instance, a parent purchasing lunch box snacks is most likely going about as an operator for the benefit of young youngsters. The parent can along these lines be depicted as the transitional client and the youngster as the end nsumer. To market such snacks adequately, the advertiser must separate the needs and needs of each gathering impacting the buy procedure. The individual in question should likewise be clear about which entertainers in the process are to be the subject of any division work out. The term showcase must be characterized unequivocally. For instance, Mark Warner and Saga are both occasion organizations yet they are not in a similar market. The previous offers occasions for families, youthful couples and gatherings in Alpine and daylight resorts, while Saga provides food for the more developed explorer who might be searching for occasions including recreation interests, for example, touring, extension or strolling. We need a definition with the goal that we can Measure piece of the overall industry and market development; Determine target clients; Perceive applicable contenders; Plan promoting destinations and techniques. As a general guideline, a market ought to be characterized as far as a shopper need, and such that covers the total of all the elective items and administrations which buyers see as being fit for fulfilling that need. For instance, a brand of moment espresso not just rivals different brands in a similar item class, yet in addition with elective hot beverages, for example, tea and chocolate. Customers may even observe cold beverages, for example, colas and water alternative for it. Needs-based definitions develop after some time as patterns rise in the commercial center, and organizations must be set up to change their definitions appropriately. In any case, they have to devise a definition that is reasonable. At the outrageous finish of the range, micromarketing is tied in with promoting to the person as a portion of one. Notwithstanding, organizations must have the option to address the issues of individual sections in a manner that is economically feasible. They consequently focus their endeavors on gatherings of numerous clients who share around similar necessities. Market division permits organizations to pick up advantage over their rivals in the commercial center by empowering them to focus assets on unmistakably recognized chances. It depends on the suspicion that similar people are attracted to eachother. Much of the time, the portions structure separate markets in their own right, and they can regularly be of significant size. There are number of measures that make a market fragment of business enthusiasm, including the accompanying : The portions ought to be sufficiently huge to give a satisfactory quantifiable profit. The necessities of portion individuals ought to be fundamentally the same as, however the individuals ought to be unmistakable from the remainder of the market. Portions must be reachable, that is, the channels, or courses to advertise (where individuals purchase), must be available. Techniques for Market Segmentation 1) Geographical division Chronologically, this sort of division showed up first . For arranging and authoritative purposes ,the advertiser will frequently think that its helpful to partition the market into regions, for example, countries, states, districts, urban areas ,and so forth. In efficient manner .The extraordinary favorable position of receiving this plan is that principles locales are generally utilized government and its encourages assortment of measurements .Most of the national makes split up their business regions into deals domains either state shrewd or area savvy . 2) Demographic division Under this strategy ,the buyers are assembled into homogenous gatherings as far as segment similitudes, for example, age, sex, instruction standard ,pay level, and so on .This is viewed as increasingly intentional since the accentuation at last lay on the clients . Age bunch are considered by fabricates of certain uncommon items , for instance ,toys. Indeed, even in the buy made by guardians ,kids apply a significant impact .The market divided based on the age bunches is as per the following :youngsters ,adolescents ,grown-ups and grown up . Hostile to Aging items Hostile to maturing items were initially intended for the person born after WW2 age, anyway in the ongoing report, the examiners (worldwide corrective industry, 2008) uncovered that the Future development will be fuelled by the extension of the customer base into more youthful age Groups matured 25 to 30 which appear to be progressively keen on applying hostile to maturing Products, especially topical skin medicines. This move is prompting an increment of Spending on hostile to maturing items which and is probably going to bring about improved market Opportunities for makers looking for nonstop extension of their tasks. The developing capability of the counter maturing skincare fragment alongside its threatening Competition spikes restorative market players to plan and dispatch new items so as to remain in the game. Unilever, the universes eighth greatest beautifiers maker (restorative plan, 2008) normally refreshes their skincare product offering. The organization Launched lakes age marvel hostile to agi

Diversity of Individuals Essay

1.1.i DIVERSITY Assorted variety implies distinction. It is tied in with perceiving the various needs and inclinations of an individual and tolerating them. This could be identified with their way of life and character or simply their inclinations. Just as numerous different components. Everybody is unique. 1.1.ii ANTI-DISCRIMINATORY PRACTICE Not to oppress somebody as far as race, inability, sex, religion, sexual direction and age. 1.1.iii ANTI-OPPRESSIVE PRACTICE In social consideration you have to adopt an enemy of severe strategy. You can not attempt to cause somebody to do what you need in light of the fact that it’s simpler for you. On the off chance that the inhabitant might want to accomplish something you can exhort yet you can not cause them to do what you need since you are in a more grounded position. 1.2 Explain why it is imperative to perceive and regard a people legacy Every occupant ought to be treated with a similar regard they would merit in the event that they were not in care. They ought to be treated as though they could get things done for themselves. Carers are there to help the inhabitant. Their traditions and strict practices are critical to them. It characterizes what their identity is. Some like their dietary needs met with respect to not eating pork and so forth. Some won't acknowledge blood transfusions. We have to respect their desires as well as could be expected. 1.3 Describe why a person with dementia might be exposed to separation and persecution An occupant who has dementia will be unable to recollect her inclinations so its down to the carer to discover. For instance on the off chance that the inhabitant is Muslim, at that point her strict convictions implies she doesn’t eat pork. It is down to the carer to regard this and not simply assume the disposition of â€Å"it doesn’t matter† 1.4 Describe how segregation and severe practice can be tested As a carer if I somehow happened to see a partner victimize an inhabitant, as a matter of first importance I would feature the occupants inclinations and point out what they are doing isn't right. On the off chance that the carer was still to carry on I would carry it to the consideration of my senior or director who might then arrangement with it following organization strategy. 2.1 Explain why it is critical to distinguish a people explicit and interesting necessities It is essential to recognize an inhabitants needs so they can carry on with their life as they need. Now and again the inhabitant will most likely be unable to communicate their desires and inclinations so it is imperative to address close relatives and companions to discover what they would like. 2.2 Compare The Experience Of Dementia For An Individual Who Has Acquired It As An Older Person With The Experience Of An Individual Who Has Acquired It As a Younger Person It would not be very different between a more seasoned and more youthful individual, the two of them would at present experience similar impacts that dementia brings to an individual. Anyway a more youthful individual getting dementia would presumably feel progressively influenced as they may feel that it’s uncalled for that they have it so youthful when they have a great deal of life left in front of them, they additionally will be unable to manage it very well as the vast majority partner dementia with more established individuals. Their life will change so a lot and in some cases so rapidly, they may need to go home, quit driving and so forth. At that point they would need to consider the assistance they would require, account and so forth which with so much occurring and changing can prompt a great de al of pressure and afterward to discouragement in an individual and here and there additional. Having dementia as a more established individual is presumably more simpler to manage than getting it as a more youthful individual since you have encountered a great deal and carried on with a real existence so you would be more acknowledgment of it and manage it significantly better.

Compare Business Analysts From IT and Business - Free Essay Example

Abstract This first part of the paper will look into details about the background of the business analysts and see what are some competences and transferrable skills they may have in becoming a successful business analyst. It will then look into one of the dilemmas that many organizations face today namely whether to outsource, buy or build equipment in house. Essay: Compare business analysts from IT and Business. Which ones are more effective in what situations? Give examples. The profession of a business analysts represents a myriad of professional career background. It is their background that drives the way that a business analyst approaches analysis project and think about business solution. There’s a long standing debate regarding the level of knowledge one needs to have either in IT or business because for instance, an individual who is fluent in given technology does not automatically qualify him or her as a business analyst. In reality, there’s a long list of varied answers like any other profession but it is indeed one of many competencies that a successful business analyst must possess. Then the question is, where do most business analysts come from? The majority of business analysts today come from both IT background and business areas. In the best situations, the business analysis professional has a combination of IT and business skills. Business analysts coming from IT background has both positive and negative aspects. Those with IT background has better understanding of computers and technology and are very agile in making changes and diagnosing issues. As they are very analytical individual, they have strong problem-solving skills and communication skills. In addition, as they are solution oriented, they know and will recommend what technologies and software development are available. They have emphasis on solution design, inherent logical thinking patterns and attention to detail which can shed a light to a problem from a new perspective. However, there are also some drawbacks with business analysts coming from the IT side. They have tendency of looking from one area i.e. IT perspective and does not take holistic view of the problem, coming up with IT solution rather than business solution and jump to solutions without giving much thought about enterprise as a whole. They may not consider process changes or organizational changes as effective methods for problem solving. Furthermore, they may not un derstand the time required to implement a change in business procedures when new software is deployed. Therefore, they need to learn to have a business thinking mind by understanding the vision, mission and goals of the business and adjust their view of technology to one that supports the business goal rather than driving them. Likewise, individuals from business units have equally both positive and negative aspects that complements the other. They can recommend procedural or workflow changes to improve efficiency in their areas. In addition they show strong analytical and problem-solving skills within the business area along with strong communication skills with management and their co-workers (Carkenord 2009, p.9). They can think outside of the box and aid in the transition from old process to changed process and reduce risk by working within the confines of the business. On the other side, as they lack technical awareness, they will be confined in providing their experts in bu siness and doesn’t consider what capabilities are available through technology and the relative time and cost of developing each capability. Moreover, lack of technical awareness can lead to difficulty communicating with technical professionals as they don’t have much knowledge about the IT architecture (Blais, 2011 p.33). In order to better understand when and where they are most efficient at, let’s consider a scenario. For instance, a retail company wants to upgrade their CRM platform to a scalable and cloud based system that helps to track and decide marketing budget, marketing channel, improved selling and creating exciting client experience. Potential problem area under this scenario is the fact that they do not have enough expertise in software services and require a methodology and architecture that matches their need and expectation. Business analyst coming from business unit will architect a solution by understanding the business needs of the entire CRM application by breaking down into different areas of the business. They will conduct feasibility study by cross examining in full detail looking at where the opportunity and risk may lie and delegate, create guidelines and establish rapport, trust and communication with different stakeholders. They will design workflows, vision to mission mapping and conduct functional complexity analysis. They will put in place steps to implement the change such as creating test plans and executing the test scenarios. On the other hand, if a business analyst comes from IT background, they will be more efficient and faster in finding and designing the software that minimizes migration effort using an automated tool. As it is going to be cloud based, they will identify and architect the best possible approach to data interaction from desktop application to web at near real time synchronization rate. They can diagnose and detect a loophole in the system if there’s any and set security measu res to maintain and protect it. They can design a pilot version of the CRM to go through quality checks before implementing it. If the background is in IT, they may be in the habit of thinking about how to automate and integrate repetitive tasks and provide more sophisticated data for decision making. On the other hand, if the background is in business, they may be thinking about new ways of doing business, how to better support customers and how the business can be more successful (Carkenord, 2009 pg.162). A business analyst that has these two modes of thinking is the most useful and valuable in business analysis work. 2.Case Study: â€Å"Buy, don’t build.† Give 2 examples when this statement is correct and is not correct. Organizations face the dilemma when making build or buy decisions at it is very important yet complex issue. Of course the main focal point of making the decision is to choose the most cost-effective, functional and feature rich solution bu t it is not always crystal clear which one is right for your process. There are number of reasons why a company would consider building in house. First of all, there’s a concern over intellectual property. If a company needs a security software or payment solution, outsourcing to another IT firm in China, Bangladesh or India will need to be reconsidered. Because outsourcing such product development can be cost-effective in the short-term but in the long run, they may face some problems as there are copy right issues in many of the outsourcing destinations. There are many other reasons such as lack of competent supplier, too small volume to get a supplier attracted, reduction of logistic costs and simply over organization pride. The advantage is that they have complete control and it is tailored to unique business needs. An example where â€Å"buy, don’t build† may be the case is if a company has a lack of technical experience and budget to build. For instance , let’s assume a company needs a software for CNC machine to design a product model. It may be much cheaper to buy it rather than building it as it is for a one-time or short term use. The advantage of buying is that it is a ready-made solution and they can have expert support and training.

The Birthmark A Psychological Short Story Essay - 3342 Words

â€Å"The Birthmark† – a Psychological Short Story Nathaniel Hawthorne’s â€Å"The Birthmark† may require a psychoanalyst to properly interpret because it is indeed a â€Å"psychological† short story in its themes and approach to character portrayal - and this essay will amply demonstrate these assertions. Henry Seidel Canby in â€Å"A Skeptic Incompatible with His Time and His Past† talks about the value of Hawthorne’s â€Å"literary psychology†: This irreverent generation [of the 1950’s] has mocked at Hawthorne’s struggling souls who torture themselves over peccadilloes like adultery and are morally wrecked by obsessions that (so it is assumed) any good psychoanalyst could remove. Studies in nerves seem to us more important than studies in†¦show more content†¦. . .† (43) Edmund Fuller and B. Jo Kinnick in â€Å"Stories Derived from New England Living† state that Hawthorne liked to â€Å"explore uncertainties of belief that trouble a man’s heart and mind† (31). Clarice Swisher in â€Å"Nathaniel Hawthorne: a Biography† states that Hawthorne’s interest tended toward the heart and the psychological effects of these moral and ethical issues† (13). A. N. Kaul considers Hawthorne â€Å"preeminently a ‘psychological’† writer – â€Å"burrowing, to his utmost ability, into the depths of our common nature, for the purposes of psychological romance. . . . He was deeply preoccupied with the modern themes of alienation, isolation, and guilt consciousness – and with modern spiritual problems generally† (2). There appears to be more agreement among literary critics regarding the interpretation of Hawthorne as a â€Å"psychological† writer than upon any other aspect of his writi ng. Now let’s establish the themes in this short story, â€Å"The Birthmark,† and select the dominant theme. The theme is the â€Å"general concept or doctrine, whether implicit or asserted, which an imaginative work is designed to incorporate and make persuasive to the reader† (Abrams 170). Morse Peckham in â€Å"The Development of Hawthorne’s Romanticism† explains what he interprets Hawthorne’s main theme to be in his short stories: â€Å"Henceforth Hawthorne’s theme is the redemption of the self through the acceptance and exploitation of what society termsShow MoreRelatedThe Birthmark: A Psychological Short Story Essay3606 Words   |  15 Pagesâ€Å"The Birthmark† Is a Psychological Story  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚        Ã‚  Ã‚   The psychological dimension of Nathaniel Hawthorne’s writing, typical of his best short stories, is well demonstrated in his tale â€Å"The Birthmark.†    Frederick C. Crews in â€Å"The Logic of Compulsion in ‘Roger Malvin’s Burial’† explores the psychological drama that prevails in Hawthorne’s short stories:    . . . I chose this one tale to analyze because it illustrates the indispensability, and I should even say the priorityRead MoreBirthday Mark by Nathaniel Hawthorne1146 Words   |  5 Pageschallenged scientists of the nineteenth century. Nathaniel Hawthorne writes of some challenges that man could run into during the exploration and application of new technology in The Birthmark. These challenges are not entirely physical but they are more so about an internal struggle within Victorian mindsets. In The Birthmark there are only three characters: Aylmer, a scientist, Georgiana, Aylmer’s wife, and Aminadab, Aylmer’s lab assistant. Hawthorne isolates the characters in their caste to presentRead More Hawthorne Essay855 Words   |  4 Pagescompelling story in just a few pages. Within these few pages, flows an elaborate and complex story. These stories flow so steadily and with such complexity that Hawthorne seems to create his own romantic style. He does this by inco operateing many different situations that keep the reader intuned to the story. nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;In many of his short stories there seems to be a character that is infatuated with a person or an object. The reason for Hawthorne creating stories like this couldRead MoreSymbolism : The Birthmark, By Nathaniel Hawthorne849 Words   |  4 Pages In the short allegory â€Å"The Birthmark†, by Nathaniel Hawthorne, a newly-wed couple becomes consumed by the existence of a small birthmark on the wife’s face. When the wife, Georgiana, allows her husband Aylmer, a scientist, to remove the birthmark, both realize that Georgiana will inevitably sacrifice her life for the sake of its removal. As the story progresses, so does the confliction of the newlyweds as they realize exactly what the birthmark symbolized to and for each other. Hawthorne’s hallmarkRead MoreGothic Literature : The Dark Side Of Romanticism1518 Words   |  7 PagesRomanticism. The theme of Gothic stories is either mysterious, horror, or even death. Nathaniel Hawthorne an d Edgar Allan Poe are authors that demonstrate Gothic literature. Some of their work include, â€Å"The Cask of Amontillado† written by Edgar Allan Poe and â€Å"The Birthmark† by Nathaniel Hawthorne. The Cask of Amontillado tells how the narrator Montresor seeks revenge on his acquaintance, Fortunato. Montresor to desperate measures and did not catch. However, in â€Å"The Birthmark†, Aylmer, a scientist has becomeRead MoreLiterary Analysys of the Birthmark1060 Words   |  5 Pagesconflict of Nature and Science I. Introduction paragraph II. Theme of the story   Ã‚  Ã‚   A. 1st piece of evidence supporting this tool   Ã‚  Ã‚   B. 2nd piece of evidence supporting this tool   Ã‚  Ã‚   C. 3rd piece of evidence supporting this tool III. Characterization   Ã‚  Ã‚   A. 1st piece of evidence supporting this tool   Ã‚  Ã‚   B. 2nd piece of evidence supporting this tool   Ã‚  Ã‚   C. 3rd piece of evidence supporting this tool IV. Symbolism   Ã‚  Ã‚   A. 1st piece of evidence supporting this tool   Ã‚  Ã‚  Read MoreThe Birthmark Literary Analysis914 Words   |  4 PagesIn â€Å"The Birthmark†, a short story by Nathanial Hawthorne, the use of the archetypal conflict Nature vs. Science, the character of Damsel in Distress, and the symbol of the Incurable Wound show how easily beauty is overlooked in the endeavor for perfection. The archetypal conflict of Nature vs. Science is shown in Aylmer’s intention to remove the birthmark, nature’s constant reminder of human mortality, from Georgiana’s cheek. Aylmer believed that the birthmark might heighten Georgiana’s beautyRead MoreThe Birthmark By Nathaniel Hawthorne Essay1399 Words   |  6 PagesThe Birthmark Criticism Analysis The short story â€Å"The Birthmark† by Nathaniel Hawthorne was written in 1843 at the beginning of the largest feminist movement in the United States of America which occurred between the years 1840 and 1920 (National). Furthermore, during the 1830s and 1840s there were many women who spoke out about women’s rights. They argued for many changes with one of them being a social change in their duties to be subdominant to males. They rallied around the prohibition by fightingRead MoreThe Raven A Man By Edgar Allan Poe1737 Words   |  7 Pagesemotion, passion and wildness. The characters in these passages are very distinguished, they are also iconic. The stories are usually set a unknown place for example in a castle or in the woods, or they are set in a known place where something is out of the ordinary. There is something supernatural going on within the passage of writing. There are many thing that happen in the story that doesn’t happen in everyday life. For example in the poem The Raven a man is talking to a raven, this is personaRead More The Psychological Dimension of Nathaniel Hawthorne’s The Birthmark3161 Words   |  13 PagesThe Psychological Dimension of â€Å"The Birthmark†Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚        Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   This essay will analyze Nathaniel Hawthorne’s â€Å"The Birthmark† in order to demonstrate that it is a â€Å"psychological† short story both in its themes and in its emphasis on the moral-psychological aspect of the main characters. There is probably unanimity among literary critics that Hawthorne is a â€Å"psychological† writer. Consider some of their statements chosen at random from various critiques of Hawthorne’s literary works: Stanley

The Differences Between Women And Women - 1406 Words

As I noted in Part 1 of this series, strands of thought that arise out of political movements are often difficult to categorize and also often answer to many names. The difference approach discussed here, following Haslanger and Hackett,1 may elsewhere be called radical, cultural, or gynocentric feminism. Recall that the basic nugget of thought underlying the sameness approach was the thought that men and women,2 in whatever way matters, are similar enough to warrant similar treatment. Insofar as they are denied similar treatment, they are wronged, and a system that denies them this treatment is wrong or unjust along the dimension of gender. I noted a problem with this approach in the first essay, which was that similar treatment is not always the best answer to the kinds of wrongs women face and which feminism seeks to alleviate. The difference approach may be seen as an attempt to offer a feminist alternative that avoids this pitfall. Whereas the sameness approach responds to the sexist—who claims that men are better than women in some relevant way—by asserting the sameness of men and women, the difference approach responds by turning the sexist’s argument on its head—at least sometimes, perhaps in many domains, women are better than men. Of course, what is claimed is really closer to this: traditionally feminine attributes and qualities have been undervalued or devalued by a male-dominated society and should be revalued to reflect their true worth. Depending on theShow MoreRelatedThe Difference Between Women And Women1346 Words   |  6 PagesWomen throughout history has always had some sort of disadvantage to our male counterparts. Whether it was a difference in job opportunities and pay rates, with the prevalence of double standards, or not having the right to vote like men were able to do. Women were always seen as inferior to men, but being African American and a woman, had much m ore to endure than that of white women. African American women had to be strong willed, not knowingly that this characteristic of black women and their identitiesRead MoreDifferences Between Men And Women907 Words   |  4 PagesMen and women have distinct differences in communication styles. Women are categorized by being more discussion oriented, while men are more action oriented. Depending on home environment and the way parents raise men and women, men sometimes are the ones who communicate most. Men who are raised around women are more apt to become more in touch with their sensitive side leading to being able to express their feelings more freely. Men and women are taught, through childhood guardians, to soar in differentRead MoreDifferences Between Men And Women905 Words   |  4 PagesHistory explains the story of how men and women have always been different. From the anatomy in the size of brains to life expectancy, men and women are each distinct. Camille Lewis points o ut that the difference between males and females is that each is biologically different. I disagree with Lewis that men and women innate their biological differences because their differences are also influenced by factors of the outside world in time. Men and women develop differently because they are drivenRead MoreDifference between men and women867 Words   |  4 Pages 9/22/13 Differences between Men and Women For centuries, the differences between men and women were socially defined through a lens of sexism, in which men assumed to be superior over women. The vision of equality between the sexes has narrowed the possibilities for discovery of what truly exists within a man and women. The world would be less interesting when everything is the same. Today none of us would argue that men and women are physically different, but they differ emotionally, and mentallyRead MoreDifferences Between Men And Women1338 Words   |  6 PagesOver the course of history, men and women have be faced with a communication barrier. The differing communication skills between men and women present challenges that can lead to foreseeable problems in relationships. These problems arise out of differing purposes, styles, traits, and emotions that accompany communication between the two sexes. Unless an understanding is reached, these barriers may never be broken down. The structure of men and women’s brain differ, which is the underlying causeRead MoreThe Differences Between Men And Women1171 Words   |  5 PagesHave you ever wondered what the differences are between men and women psychologically, and biologically? Men and Women are extremely different in many ways. Men act in certain ways and express themselves differently from how women do. There are many differences between the two genders including communication skills, biologically different, and the cultural stereotypes that have separated the two genders socially. Many relationships end due to the fact of misunderstanding each other and how to communicateRead MoreThe Differences Between Men And Women1180 Words   |  5 PagesBattle of the Sexes (What is the differences between men and women?) Man and women were made is the beginning of time. The reason why, we will never know, but throughout history these two beings have been compared through every aspects of life. Men are the dominate creatures, controlling the earth, while women are the nurturers. The obvious differences between men and women have been capitalized and fought over throughout humankind’s history. Many of the people in the world have strong opinions onRead MoreDifferences Between Men And Women1405 Words   |  6 PagesThroughout history, there have been differences between men and women due to their gender. From different jobs to different roles in society, these differences have affected their lifestyles in the past as well as in the present and may continue into the future. These differences can go as far as to affecting their causes of death. Both men and women share several causes of death, including: heart disease, cancer, stroke, chronic lower respiratory diseases, Alzheimer’s disease, unintentional diseasesRead MoreDifferences Between Men And Women1420 Words   |  6 PagesThe differences between men and women were socially defined and distorted through a lens of sexism in which men assumed superiority over women and maintained it through domination. As the goal of equality between men and women now grows closer we are also losing our awareness of important differences. In some circles of society, politically correct thinking is obliterating important discussion as well as our awareness of the similarities and differences between men and women. The vision of equalityRead MoreDifferences Between Men And Women1746 Words   |  7 Pages Gender Differences in Communication Have you ever thought someone wasn’t listening to you? Or that your request is being ignored because the response wasn’t framed in a way it should have been? Maybe it’s because you were speaking to a person who was of a different gender. Men use short direct speech, while women use indirect dialogue. Therefore, when genders meet up there’s a gap in communication. Men and women unconsciously communicate differently in numerous ways, so by understanding each other’s

Gay/Lesbian Adoption free essay sample

Adoption is the legal act of permanently placing a child with parents other than their biological parents (â€Å"Adoption,† 2007). Prevailing laws nowadays encourage open adoption, which means the child would still have contacts with his/her biological parents (if not deceased or if they had not abandoned the child).   Centers for children needing adoption were created to hasten the two way process of finding the right foster parents for the right child. Children with body and mind impairments usually have their adoption process take longer since many of want-to-be foster parents want a normal child. Websites that publishes these children were made to promote them (â€Å"Waiting Child†, 2007). Another major issue is the legality of adoption by lesbian and gay couples. Lawmakers were divided in their proper actions regarding this issue. Some of them understand their desire and they had passed bills for Gay/Lesbian Adoption. But some in contrast did not permit it on the grounds of non-marriage. We will write a custom essay sample on Gay/Lesbian Adoption or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Gay/Lesbian Adoption Adoption professionals suggest to lesbian and gay couples that firstly, they should find a friendly attorney that could help fulfill their desire to have a child. Different parts of the United States have varying policies with regards to foster care thus requiring the person to handle the case be familiar to at least the adoption laws of the state in concern. If necessary, they should also be well-informed with the Interstate Compact on the Placement of Children (ICPC) that requires the state in which their requested foster child was born to approve the adoption. This would eliminate the usual remedy of lesbian and gay couples to discreetly adopt a child by means of a â€Å"first and second parent adoption†. Furthermore, the attorney should be well informed and up-to-date with the latest related issues. According to Deborah Wald (2007), you can find such attorney by asking a referral list to any local LGBT (Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual and Transgender) Organization or to national organizations such as National Center for Lesbian Rights. And then once you have contacts to possible attorneys, you can now choose which one of them based on the criteria of knowledge, experience and comfort. References: Adoption (2007). Wikipedia.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Retrieved June 6, 2007 from   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adoption Gay Adoption Issues (2007). About.com   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Retrieved June 6, 2007 from http://adoption.about.com/od/gaylesbian/a/gayadoptissues.htm Waiting Child (2007). Small World Adoption Programs   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Retrieved June 6, 2007 from http://www.swa.net/children.php

Roman Essays (2926 words) - Violence In Sports, Titus,

Roman Coliseum Architecture of the ancient Roman Empire is considered one of the most impressive of all time. The city of Rome once was home to more than one million residents in the early centuries AD1. The Romans had a fine selection of building monuments in the city of Rome including the forums for civic services, temples of worship, and amphitheaters for recreation and play. The Romans made great use and pioneered great architecture mechanisms including arches, columns, and even mechanical elements in pulleys and early elevators. However, when one tends to think of great buildings, one building stands out in Rome. This building is the Flavian Amphitheatre, or better known as the Colosseum. When discussing such a great monument such as the Colosseum, it is very important to realize the time, place, and culture in wish it stood to fully understand both its form and function. In the beginnings, Rome was both influenced by the Etruscans of the North and Greeks of Italy and South but had its basic roots from a long time of Samnite domination2. The Etruscans were that of an interesting type as described by Peter Quennell: The Etruscans...combined a passionate devotion to the ordinary pleasures of life with a haunting fear of death. They were cruel, too, and deeply superstitious...their victims were ordered to fight among themselves until the last had fallen. The Etruscans would have a strong impression in Roman lifestyles and philosophies. For example, the purple robe worn by leaders would be later adopted by the Romans. They also were the influence which brought gladiatorial battles of sacrifice into the Roman culture. This was a time of blood thirsty humans who loved the site of battle. Even an early christian named Alypius proclaimed that he "took away with him a mad passion which prodded him not only to return (to gladatior events) with those by whom he had first been forced in, but even ahead of them and dragging in others."3 This was a time of paganism, which meant sacrifice and death. Early christians were persecuted for their beliefs in the first few centuries. Clearly in Rome, the focus was not only on religion or the emporer, but we have a focus on leisure and activities. It is said that of a three-hundred and sixty-five day year that one-hundred and fifty days were celebrated as regular holidays, with over ninety days given up to games4. This type of lifestyle would dominate the cities and architecture of the Romans for some time to come. The people of Rome enjoyed theatres, battles, races, baths, comical events, and of course the game of death. There were many forums, temples, and many amphitheaters in the history of Rome, however only a few stand out even today. The Colosseum is the greatest standing building of Rome, and one of the most recognized worldwide architectural achievements to this day. The amphitheater is a type of architecture that was without Greek precedents. This makes sense since its primary purpose was to hold gladitiator fights and brutal shows which were banned in Athens at the time. Such events held in Roman amphitheaters were horseracing, gymnastics, mock cavalry battles, footraces, prizefighting, wrestling, fights between animals, between men, animals and men, and even naumachiae, or mock sea battles5. One of the first amphitheaters was the Pompeian amphitheater of Pompeii of 30 BC. Like the Colosseum, it was oval in plan. It was supported on great masses of solid earth pierced by a broad corridor at each end. Stone seats were added at one time but most spectators sat on the earth or wooden chairs. Although this amphitheater was a great innovation, it would be eclipsed by the Flavian Amphitheater, better known as the Colosseum. The great building although fitting and plain in design to its surroundings of Rome still stood out due to its sheer monstrosity and oval shape. Although the site viewed today is still a marvel, back in the days of its prime it was a spectacular site that would be difficult to apprehend with only words[TVK1]. [TVK2] The city which held the great structure was full of great examples of the use of arches, columns from every order, and of course sheer size. When traveling the city to the Colosseum the whole area had been paved and railed off. The approach was taken by cobbled slabs of lava, and then one entered an area paved with travertine more than five thousand feet wide and surrounded by huge boundary stones6. To a spectator at the time the Colosseum from the outside is

George Orwells A Homage To Catanolia Essays

George Orwells A Homage To Catanolia Essays George Orwells A Homage To Catanolia Essay George Orwells A Homage To Catanolia Essay Essay Topic: George orwell Shane George Orwells A Homage to Catalonia is a very emotional piece. We find this from the beginning of the extract when Orwell starts off with it is very hard to describe what I Felt. From this we feel quite sympathetic towards him. It becomes clear he finds it awkward and hard to speak of such events without recollecting and recurs the negative emotions he went through. Orwell uses onomatopoeia in the second paragraph by describing his fatality by using bang and flash as if a rifle is going off. It shows the sudden and quickness of it. I feel this also shows how quick the life was snatched away from the soldiers in a flash. Orwell seems a loving type. He often mentions his wife and his family giving us a family man persona i. e. emotional and caring. It allows us to see that they are highly important to him. The most sentimental part lies in his last moments where he says first thought, conventionally enough was for my wife. Once again we pity him for the fear and pain he had to endure. The extract is from his autobiography. This means it is a very biased account. The things he says can not be backed up and things could be exaggerated and toned down especially for the reader but it doesnt seem too graphic to allow such exaggeration. : He speaks in first person They laid me down again while somebody fetched the stretcher. By talking in first person we once again feel a very personal account of events. Maybe with such a delicate subject such as war, he felt his personal accounts would give a deeper meaning to the reader rather than a biography written by someone else. This allows him to put his heart in to it more. Being an autobiography, we can justify irregular language that can be used. In this particular piece Orwell says The stupid mishane infuriated me. Using the word stupid it allows us to feel his aggravation and angst more, therefore this language can be used successfully in this example to enhance mood. Orwell oddly portrays the wars harsh realities, not in the stereotypical way but in a softer, more subtle approach. The Extract overall seems very negative indeed. In the line a feeling of being shrivelled up to nothing we truly understand the emptiness and coldness the war affected him. It may not be an extremely graphical adaption of war but it still creates strong, painful emotions. The extract is filled with imagery and descriptions. In the quote Only a violent shock, such as you get from an electric terminal gives us a very strong account of his injuries. It makes us pity Orwell because of what he goes through and the pain he endures. This autobiography was written in 1936, after the war. This is probably the main reason why this is less patriotic as after being affected by the war, Orwell would have his own experiences that may have changed his perspectives and may question why he was so eager to volunteer in the first place. Orwell may have been influenced by the world and how things had changed from the beginning so he could easily put this George Orwells A Homage to Catalonia Continued knowledge into his autobiography and could have easily been affected/inspired by the authors of the time period, articles and the events that followed. Wilfred Owens poetry showed a massive contrast between pre-war and pro-war. In the women and the slain the patriotic line To die in war for brothers reveals dreams of being a hero, feeling proud where as in the first sentence of Dulce Et Decorum Est Owen describes the soldiers as old beggars and like hags showing a more degrading and insignificance to there deaths. As if they mean nothing. If this extract was pre- war we would expect it to be more patriotic, nobler. At the end of the extract, after hearing Orwell has been shot in the neck and survived, Orwell says I would merely have congratulated him on his good shooting. This allows us to feel he is not bitter for what has happened to him and gives us relief that he does not hold a grudge over this.

Journalism, Mass Media and Communication Term Paper

Journalism, Mass Media and Communication - Term Paper Example This paper talks about the historical development of both the internet and the cell phones and notes some crucial aspects and notable landmarks in the history of telecommunication. In addition, the paper discusses in detail how phones and the internet could be used on security surveillance. There are also various discussions on the usage and adoption of mobile phones in the market. This paper also seeks to explore the various forms of surveillance facilitated by mobile phones and the Internet and discusses the issues of control over personal information and privacy in these contexts (Zhu & Zhou 2002).The issue of security surveillance is very critical. One may generally assume that we are not being monitored in our daily activities but with the current technological advancements, one could be traced by the use of mobile phones and the internet. Information and communication technology has numerous benefits in its application within various sectors of the economy. It is in this regard that the contemporary business environments have embraced the application of technology to tool to facilitate realization of their aims and objectives. Billions of people around the globe presently use internet and mobile phones, which has become a significant component of their everyday lives. Cell phones use is ubiquitous with roughly 6.8 billion subscriptions around the globe (Anderson &Rainie, 2008). In fact, mobile phones play a significant role in the modern telecommunications. The original aspect of the internet can be traced to the first launch of the first artificial earth satellite. In 1957, the USSR launched a successful Sputnik whereas the USA launched the Advanced Research Projects Agency (ARPA). ARPA was launched by the US Department of Defense so as to establish US supremacy in technology and science which was applied in the military.

Launching a new product Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Launching a new product - Essay Example The company currently operates in Singapore, but it is planning to extend its operations in the UK. The UK offers a vital market for the company bracelet due to the high rate of economic growth and high consumer disposable incomes of the population. More than 40 million people in the UK would be willing to buy the product and contribute towards charitable work due to the caring attitudes of the population and feminine culture that is replicated in the bracelet design. The number of wealthy and aged individuals is more than 10 percent of the total UK population (Oxford Business Group 222). The macro-environment is favorable since UK economy is currently experiencing a recovery after the recent financial crisis. UK also enjoys stable political environment and is a member of the EU thus making it easier for the organisation to expand to neighboring European countries. The UK population is highly educated and most of the citizens have access to the internet in their homes. UK citizens ha ve caring attitudes towards the environment and life thus it will be easy for the product to penetrate the market. The existing legal environment enables the citizens to contribute donations towards charitable organisations and adequate e-commerce laws have been enacted in order to facilitate online donations (Oxford Business Group 137). In addition, the level of technology is high thus the organisation can rely on the existing modern communication technologies and high internet penetration in order to reach the potential buyers in the remote villages and smaller towns (Oxford Business Group 189). SWOT Analysis Strengths Midomo bracelet enjoys several strengths that are essential in penetrating the targeted market and sustaining relationships with buyers. The product is made of high quality and wearable jewellery thus appealing to the purchasing behaviour of UK citizens. The product will enjoy high brand recognition and awareness in the market since it has been designed by an award winning designer who has a high reputation of quality and stylish designs. In addition, the bracelet is light in weight thus can be worn by the buyers when travelling thus spreading the word of the mouth on the existence of the charitable product in the market. Accordingly, the bracelet symbolizes abundance and water thus will resonate well with the attitudes of UK citizens towards combating environmental degradation. The product is also lowly priced compared to similar jewellery products in the market. Weaknesses Midomo bracelet suffers from several weaknesses since the designer has not offered a variety in terms of color or raw material. Not all potential buyers would be attracted towards silver products or products that depict a feminine style. Some of the potential donors may not be willing to wear the bracelet due to the stereotypes that associate certain health issues like stiff arms with wearing of bracelets around arms (Yeshin 316). Another challenge that will be involved in clude employment of additional staff to monitor the online transactions and answer to customer complaints (Yeshin 337). Opportunities There are numerous opportunities that Midomo Initiative can exploit in order to attain its mission and objectives in the UK market. The company should provide for a variety in terms of bracelet designs and color in order to appeal to the wider market in the UK. The

The proposal argument Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

The proposal argument - Essay Example The age of 18 earns one the badge of adulthood that makes him or her subject to trials in adult courts for any violation or crime committed, if any. Furthermore, several statistical data from NHTSA show the many inconsistencies regarding the supposed link of alcohol consumption to vehicular accidents and fatalities due to drunk driving. There are nations with more leniency in alcohol consumption that do not have the same vehicular accident concerns as the U.S. Unless the risks of alcohol consumption are lessened by maintaining the legal age for alcohol consumption at 21, the legal age for drinking alcohol should be lowered to 18. While there are many people and organizations who oppose the current MLDA, its advocates maintain that lowering the legal age for alcohol consumption would bring more risks than benefits. For one, it is said that consuming alcohol at an earlier age increases the possibilities of alcoholism in adulthood. Some say that brain development continues until age 20, and consuming alcohol prior to full brain growth can inhibit some of the brain’s development and potential. ... HTSA) statistics on â€Å"Alcohol Impaired Driving,† the decrease in the fatalities due to drunk driving did not decrease in accordance with the MLDA (NHTSA â€Å"Alcohol Impaired Driving† & Voas, Tippetts, and Fell 581). Furthermore, the MLDA proves to be counterproductive and hinders the more effective strategy of teaching responsible consumption of alcohol (Gulliver and Begg 774). It is a fact that cannot be denied that almost all of the political-, social-, personal-, and business-related activities can be done at 18 years of age (Ferreira and Willoughby 15). Everyone knows that a person aged 18 can, and is allowed to vote for the leaders of the land. It is ridiculous that a person can be trusted to choose the political leaders for his or her country yet be untrusted in terms of alcohol consumption. Everyone knows too that getting married at 18 is legal. It is ridiculous that a person can be trusted to be another person’s life partner yet be untrusted in term s of alcoholic drinks. Voting and marriage are both greater and heavier responsibilities when compared to alcohol consumption. Another interesting fact here is the legality of being a foster parent at 18. A person who is 18 years is deemed adult enough to be entrusted with the care and well-being of a minor, yet is deemed too young to drink alcohol. These adults are even allowed to enter into legally binding contracts at 18. Furthermore, it seems awkward and illogical to prohibit newly married 20-year old couples from sipping champagne at their own weddings. 18 earns an individual the rights and privileges of adults, including the fact that the adult will be subject to trials in adult courts for any violation or crime committed, if any (Subbaraman and Kerr 293). When one is considered a minor, the individual is

Amputation and Surgery in the 19th Century :: Victorian Era

Amputation and Surgery in the 19th Century Surgery and Amputation During this period a deep cut could lead to infection, and the only treatment for infections was amputation and cauterization. However, hospitals and medical instruments were hardly if ever sanitized, so one could often come out of the hospital worse than when one went in (Bloodwiki). It was not uncommon for a person to survive a surgery only to be set upon by diseases such as hospital gangrene and septicaemia (Youngson 29). Youngson describes hospitals as â€Å"dark and overcrowded, ill-run and insanitary. It was not uncommon to see in the same ward, at the same time, cases of, (let us say) typhoid fever, erysipelas, pneumonia, rickets, dysentery; nor was it uncommon to see two patients in the same bed† (Youngson 24). Anesthesia was not used in surgeries until 1846, so prior to that the patient was completely conscious when they operated on him or her, unless the patient passed out from pain. Patients were uneager to be cut into while they were awake: â€Å"Dragged unwilling ly or carried from the ward to the operating theatre by a couple of hospital attendants (in Edinburgh a large wicker basker was used for this purpose) the patient was laid on the operating table and if necessary strapped down† (Youngson 27). The tools used in surgeries can be seen here. Anesthetics Anesthetics were not used in surgery until October 16, 1846, in Massachusetts General Hospital (Youngson 51). The anesthesia was a inhaled gas known as ether. In 1847 a doctor by the name of James Simpson popularized chloroform as an alternative to ether. According to Simpson chloroform could do more with less, act faster and last longer than ether, is more pleasing to the senses than ether, and is cheaper (qtd. in Youngson 70). Chloroform also did not need an inhaling device like ether did; it could be placed on a piece of cloth and work just as well (Youngson 70). Antiseptics One of the leading surgeons of the time was also the first surgeon to use antiseptics in surgery. Joseph Lister believed that infections were a result of bacteria. He used various methods to fight the bacteria, constantly changing his methods over the years. He even went so far as to use vaporizing sprays in the surgery areas (Connor). His original method, developed in March of 1847, to keep a wound sterilized was to â€Å"[use] [carbolic acid] to clean a wound, and then [apply] a piece of lint, soaked in the acid, as a dressing, covered by a slightly larger piece of thin tin or sheet lead in order to prevent evaporation of the acid.

Introduction to Early Childhood Education †Assessment Essay

Identify THREE quality indicators relevant to early childhood education and discuss why they are important for children, parents, and/or society. 300 words. The first quality indicator relevant to early childhood education would be ‘people’. Letting your child learn in an environment where the teachers and assistants are expert, well-trained and the majority of them hold qualifications in the area. They should be able to fully understand your child’s needs, communicate well with them ensuring they make your child feel safe and comfortable being around them. They should also be trusted and respected by staff, parents and children. The ‘place or environment’ would be the second indicator. The learning environment should make all children feel welcome regardless of the cultural, ethnic or language background. They should be able to provide a variety of, materials, equipment and play activity arranged to encourage children to learn. A stimulating outdoor environment that challenges and motivates children to explore, run and play is also important. An environment where they feel safe, and where parents can see their child, and feel comfortable knowing they are there. They should be able to feel secure in the environment they are in and to know their children can only benefit from being there. ‘Programme’ the third indicator. A quality learning programme should provide lots of learning opportunities in a wide range of different areas (reading, water play, sand play, dress-up, science, social play). A variety of activities either working in small groups or individual interactions with teachers. Parents should be able to BEd111: Introduction to Early Childhood Education – Assessment 20120778 Tourmaline Munday- Cooper 2 to understand themselves about what their child is learning, having good communication with the centre employees, knowing what is going on and understanding their ways etc. an eye out being a parent and understanding the centres way. Teachers should always build trusting relationships with parents while always respecting and supporting different families cultures and languages. Reference List (ASPECTS OF QUALITY IN EARLY CHILDHOOD EDUCATION Valerie N. Podmore and Anne Meade With Anne Kerslake Hendricks, 2000) (Collins Concise Dictionary, 2001, p. 1224). (Gibbs, C. (2006). To be a teacher: Journeys towards authenticity. Auckland: Pearson Education. ) BEd111: Introduction to Early Childhood Education – Assessment 20120778 Tourmaline Munday- Cooper 3 Identify TWO early childhood services in your community. Briefly explain their history and then compare and contrast their philosophies, educational goals and the strategies employed to achieve these goals. 450 words. Montessori is a philosophy and method of education pioneered by the Italian educationalist Dr Maria Montessori (The first Montessori school opened in 1909, the first Waldorf school in 1919 and the first Playcentre in the 1930s) Montessori ‘casa dei bambini’ or ‘children’s house’ was first opened in San Lorenzo, Rome, Italy. Dr Maria Montessori recognised that the first six years of a child’s life are the most important. Dr Montessori, trialled many materials and activities, but kept only those to which the children were spontaneously and repeatedly drawn. Playcentre began in 1941 primarily as a support service to women left raising children alone due to partners being away with the Second World War. Lack of transport and low family incomes were the reality for many women. Playcentre’s original aims were â€Å"to provide leisure for mothers and opportunities for the social development of the pre-school child† (Stover, 1998, p. 3). Playcentre is a stimulating environment, they provide a diverse and rich range of experiences, unlimited free play across all 16 areas of play, and a child initiated curriculum. Montessori has a certain structure and is based on their own philosophy unlike playcentre. Playcentre is a parent run co-operative it relies heavily on parental input, participation and support. Montessori aim is to provide an environment with structure and activities that meet the needs of the children and by giving them freedom to move and act within it, it was said that Dr Montessori had revealed the â€Å"true nature† of the child. Their philosophy is aimed for Children to be encouraged to be firmly grounded in reality before being exposed to fantasy. Montessori classrooms are very BEd111: Introduction to Early Childhood Education – Assessment 20120778 Tourmaline Munday- Cooper 4 quiet, as children are deeply absorbed in their work. They input this by managing the classroom materials into six areas (Practical Life Exercises, Sensorial Material, Art, Mathemartics, language, cultural subjects, and also physical is brought into their daily routine). Playcentre however is marked by a stimulating environment, providing a diverse and rich range of experiences, unlimited free play across all 16 areas of play, and a child initiated curriculum. Their views and goals are to promote children’s learning through play, Family involvement ( based on the importance of parents as educators of their own children) They like to View children as people who are strong and capable and can make their own choices about how and where to play (childinitiated play). Playcentre teachers are trained parents who take quite a hands on approach and implement learning, using a lot of open ended questions to extend children’s thinking. Montessori and playcentre have different methods. Both focus on the wellbeing of children, and help promote them to learn and grow through many different approaches. The key difference between Playschool and Montessori is that at playschool the whole family joins, rather than it just being a provider of education for the child. Reference List (Pre-schoolers: Preschool Education: Types of Early Childhood Care KYLIE VALENTINE 2010) (Stover, 1998, p. 3). May, H. (2002, Winter). Early childhood care and education in Aotearoa – New Zealand: An overview of history, policy and curriculum. McGill Journal of Education BEd111: Introduction to Early Childhood Education – Assessment 20120778 Tourmaline Munday- Cooper 5. Discuss THREE of the following significant factors which were covered in this course and that promote health and safety in early childhood centres and explain the role of the early childhood practitioner in promoting and implementing these factors: 1. Providing a safe environment 2. Providing a hygienic and clean environment 3. Identifying and responding to childhood illness ‘Providing a safe environment’ Being a teacher, means constantly observing children and setting safety rules for them to create a safe centre. This is only part of the process. Teachers must always watch for hazardous situations. Toys, equipment, electrical appliances, hot water, and cleaning supplies can pose danger to children. Centre vehicles and the building itself can also be hazardous to children. As well as outdoor activities, certain heights and lengths of equipment need to be suitable for the environment as these pose a danger to children also. â€Å"Exploration is an important part of a child’s growth and development, and increased independence. However, that exploration should take place in an environment that is as free of hazards as possible† (MoH, 1997, p.71). ). The teacher’s role in identifying and removing or minimising potential hazards is vital. (See Moe, 2008, HS12-16, p. 19) A teacher’s first job should be to look at the environment where the children are going to play first thing in the morning, if there is anything unusual, broken or out of place that could be risk. Toy safety is another, choosing the items correctly the item itself, size, if it is appropriate for their age, etc. Picking safe toys and materials greatly reduces the risk of serious injury. Small things can cause serious harm, e. g. choking. However as a teacher, you must supervise children at all times when using BEd111: Introduction to Early Childhood Education – Assessment 20120778 Tourmaline Munday- Cooper 6 the toys/playing. Creating rules for the children helps implement the importance of safety to them as well. ‘Providing a hygienic and clean environment ‘ In an Early childhood centre it is essential that all equipment is cleaned daily/weekly/monthly everything is to be sanitised/disinfected especially With children having access to all sorts of equipment daily (putting toys in their mouths, several hands touching the toys etc. ) It is very important for learning environments to be clean and safe as Germs can easily spread fast among children who play together. (Air, coughing, sneezing, Body waste and fluids, faeces, urine, saliva, mucus, skin, wounds, parasite, Blood, viruses and bacteria). Teachers should encourage children to also get involved with personal hygiene, getting them to blow their noses on tissues, washing hands before and after eating, or using the bathroom, this shows them how to help stay clean. â€Å"The importance of effective hand-washing for educators and children cannot be over-emphasised. Hand-washing is essential following animal handling, rubbish removal, outdoor activities, nose blowing, toileting and preceding food handling and consumption (MoH, 1997)† There are more strategies teachers influence to keep a safe healthy environment such as when a new child starts they talk about immunisation (immunisation charts) and excursion if a child is ill. These hygiene practices can likely reduce the spread of germs or uncleanliness in learning settings and it is essential to have a cleaning schedule. ‘†Identifying and responding to childhood illness† Early childhood teachers should be able to tell the signs and symptoms of an ill child . They should provide appropriate care for a child who is unwell. Sick children are usually have no interest in play, have BEd111: Introduction to Early Childhood Education – Assessment 20120778 Tourmaline Munday- Cooper 7 little energy, short tempered and upset, may want to be held and comforted, fever, vomiting or diarrhoea. Parents should be notified, so they can come and collect their child. It is important to isolate the child from the group to prevent infecting others. A staff member must supervise the child closely, as a young child’s condition can change rapidly and they may need urgent attention. Children should always be reminded to also help stop spreading illness, they need to be given an idea, they may not understand the detail but as simple as reminding them to put their hand over their mouth when they sneeze or cough, grabbing a tissue when needed etc. Staff must always enforce hygienic care. Staff with Appropriate first aid should be administered to help with a situation where a child needs tending too e. g. If they are hurt, and need wounds cleaned and banded. The Ministry of Health (1997) advises that children should stay away from early childhood services when they are ill. Depending on your childcare provider they to have their own policy towards the issue. Teachers are not expected to diagnose conditions, that is what the doctors are for. However, having knowledge of how certain illnesses manifest, spread, and incubate is very important. Having a first aid certificate is a positive in the childcare industry having the knowledge of what to do in certain situations, it benefits the children and the centre. Reference List Auckland Regional Public Health Service. (May 2010). Health & safety guidelines for early childhood centres. Retrieved 19th September, 2011, fromhttp://www. arphs. govt. nz/Portals/0/Health%20Information/PDFs/ECC_HealthSafet yGuidelines. pdf Childcare illness from http://www. careforkids. com. au/articlesv2/article. asp? ID=71 (Ministry of Health, 1997).

The Addiction And Its Effects On The American Economy

Workaholism, defined broadly as work addiction, still lacks a specific, widely accepted definition, even though it is becoming increasingly prevalent in the United States. As job insecurity has increased following the Great Recession and technology has allowed for employees to be constantly connected to the office (Shifron Reysen, 2011; Foster, 2014), people often find themselves working more. Indeed, Americans are taking less time off than they have in the past (All Work, 2014) and 25-30% identify as workaholics (Robinson, 2001 as cited in Shifron Reysen, 2011). There is still a debate over whether workaholism is a genuine addiction/disease, or just the set of associated behaviors, i.e. working excessively, thinking ceaselessly about†¦show more content†¦Additionally, productivity seems to plateau after a certain amount of weekly working hours. One study found that increasing working hours to over 60 per week caused productivity to increase for three to four weeks, then d ecline sharply (Covert, 2014), while another found that productivity declined after 49 hours per week, regardless of the weeks worked (Pencavel, 2014 as cited in C.W., 2014). By studying data from World War I munitions workers, the latter study provided a direct, concrete measure of productivity, while the former focused on more modern, white collar work, suggesting that decreases in productivity with increased work hours can be observed across a broad spectrum of career fields. In addition, Ng, Sorenson, Feldman (2007) reported that although working longer hours led to greater job performance in the short term, it took a toll on performance in the long term because of the decline in employee health. In addition to excessively long work hours, a lack of vacation time negatively affects productivity. However, American workers often do not or cannot take a vacation. The United States is the only advanced nation that does not guarantee paid vacation, while European countries allow for 20 to 30 paid days off annually (Covert, 2014; Olen, 2014). Even with these